俄語(yǔ)是俄羅斯的官方語(yǔ)言，主要特點(diǎn)是元音少輔音多，在學(xué)習(xí)中也是有著一定的難度，下面醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯公司給大家說(shuō)說(shuō)俄語(yǔ)的翻譯技巧有哪些?

　　Russian is the official language of Russia. Its main feature is that it has fewer vowels and more consonants. It is also difficult to learn Russian. What are the translation skills of Russian spoken by Medical Translators?

　　1、用詞的準(zhǔn)確性

　　1. Accuracy of wording

　　俄語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)大多數(shù)詞都是一詞多義，原文的詞義在譯文中可以找到幾個(gè)相同意思的詞匯，因此，在選詞時(shí)，必須根據(jù)原稿件中的上下文來(lái)選擇合適的詞匯。

　　Most words in Russian and Chinese are polysemous, and the meaning of the original text can be found in the translation of several words with the same meaning. Therefore, when choosing words, we must choose the appropriate words according to the context of the original.

　　2、詞量的增減

　　2. Increase or decrease in vocabulary

　　許多情況下，俄語(yǔ)詞與詞之間的搭配習(xí)慣與漢語(yǔ)有明顯的不同，在俄語(yǔ)翻譯中，可能俄語(yǔ)幾個(gè)詞之間的搭配，在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生重復(fù)，如果直接譯成漢語(yǔ)，譯文會(huì)顯得啰嗦。這種情況下，俄語(yǔ)譯成漢語(yǔ)需要把原文中那些沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義的詞省去不譯，這樣譯文才能簡(jiǎn)潔明了。除此之外，在俄語(yǔ)翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞與詞之間的翻譯缺少過(guò)渡詞，這時(shí)如果直接按字面意思譯成漢語(yǔ)，不僅不符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，甚至?xí)a(chǎn)生誤解。因此，在這種情況下，譯成漢語(yǔ)必須把字里行間潛在的詞增補(bǔ)出來(lái)，這樣譯文才能語(yǔ)意暢達(dá)。

　　In many cases, the collocation habits of Russian words and words are obviously different from those of Chinese. In Russian translation, the collocation of several Russian words may produce repetition when translated into Chinese. If translated directly into Chinese, the translation will be verbose. In this case, the translation of Russian into Chinese requires the omission and non-translation of words that have no practical meaning in the original text, so that the translation can be concise and clear. In addition, when Russian is translated into Chinese, there may be a lack of transitional words in the translation between words. If translated literally into Chinese, it will not only be inconsistent with Chinese habits, but even lead to misunderstanding. Therefore, in this case, the potential words between the lines must be added to the Chinese translation so that the meaning of the translation can be fluent.

　　3、詞義的引申

　　3. Extension of Word Meaning

　　漢語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)由于使用習(xí)慣不同，有許多詞或詞組，從原文上下文來(lái)看并不費(fèi)解?？墒?，如果按其詞面意義直接翻譯，就會(huì)顯得生硬、邏輯不通。這種情況下，應(yīng)當(dāng)引申詞語(yǔ)的意義，選擇合適的表達(dá)方式，靈活處理原文中的一些詞句，在忠實(shí)原文的基礎(chǔ)上翻譯。

　　Because of their different usage habits, Chinese and Russian have many words or phrases, which are not difficult to understand from the original context. However, if translated directly according to its surface meaning, it will appear stiff and illogical. In this case, we should extend the meaning of words, choose the appropriate way of expression, flexibly handle some words and sentences in the original text, and translate them on the basis of faithfulness to the original text.

　　4、詞類和句子成分的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　4. Conversion of Word Parts and Sentence Components

　　漢語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)在詞匯的構(gòu)成和造句上存在著很大差異，如果只是按照原文生搬硬套的翻譯詞匯，就會(huì)使譯文不倫不類，因此，為了確切的表達(dá)原文，應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)兩種語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法、修辭習(xí)慣來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換詞類;在表達(dá)同一內(nèi)容時(shí)，可采用一些與原文不同的語(yǔ)言手段來(lái)替換原文中不能硬譯的語(yǔ)言形式。需要注意的是，代換只是詞類形式的交換，而不是內(nèi)容的隨意改變。

　　There are great differences between Chinese and Russian in terms of vocabulary formation and sentence-making. If we just copy the translated vocabulary according to the original text, the translation will be different. Therefore, in order to express the original exactly, we should change the parts of speech according to the grammar and rhetoric habits of the two languages. When expressing the same content, we can use some linguistic means different from the original to replace the original. Language forms that can be hard-translated. It should be noted that substitution is only the exchange of parts of speech, not the arbitrary change of content.

　　以上四點(diǎn)就是醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯公司給大家分享俄語(yǔ)翻譯的技巧，希望可以幫到大家，想要了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容，可以撥打我們的熱線電話前來(lái)咨詢。

　　The above four points are the skills of Russian translation shared by Medical Translators. I hope that I can help you. If you want to know more about it, you can call our hotline to consult.

中譯國(guó)際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.